This paper covers the following topics:
- Periodic table — electron arrangements, compound formulae, ionisation energy, atomic radius, and reactivity trends
- Noble gases — group identification and uses
- Ionic vs. covalent bonding in chlorides
- Solvay process — flowchart interpretation, raw materials, recycled substances, and reaction equations
- Carbon dioxide — uses as a fire extinguisher and laboratory preparation
- Graham’s law of diffusion — calculations comparing rates of diffusion of chlorine and hydrogen sulphide
- Charles’s law — table completion, graph plotting, extrapolation, and volume calculations
- Fractional distillation — apparatus identification and function (ethanol and water separation)
- Stoichiometry — mole calculations, percentage impurity in sodium carbonate, and carbon dioxide yield
- Avogadro’s law — statement and application to the reaction of sulphur dioxide and oxygen
- Number of Questions: 7 questions (Questions 1–7)
- Structure:Â All questions compulsory; answer all in spaces provided


