- Number of Questions: 10 questions (Questions 1–10)
- Structure: Two sections — Section A (answer all questions), Section B (answer Question 6 and any other two questions from Questions 7–10)
This paper covers the following topics:
- Section A
- Proofs that the earth is spherical
- Siting conditions for a weather station; instruments in a Stevenson’s screen
- Importance of weather forecasting
- Metamorphic rocks — types resulting from metamorphism of granite and clay
- Distribution of sedimentary rocks on the Kenyan coastal plain
- Mass wasting — definition and influencing factors
- Natural vegetation zones on an African mountain — identification and characteristics
- Section B
- Map reading — Kipkabus 1:50,000 topographic map (map type, relief representation, scale types, vertical interval, natural vegetation, grid square features, districts, sketch map drawing, and town functions)
- Fold mountains — identification of mountain ranges, formation (with diagrams), and significance to human activities
- Weathering — definition, agents, factors influencing rate, types, block disintegration, and significance
- River erosion — types of erosion, processes (abrasion and solution), river transportation, and field study methods on river deposits


