The topics covered
- Soil
- Factors influencing soil formation.
- Physical and chemical properties of soil.
- Soil degeneration, including its types, causes, agents, and effects.
- Classification of soils into Zonal, Azonal, and Intrazonal orders.
- Methods of soil conservation and management.
- Agriculture
- An analysis of the climatic, edaphic, biotic, and economic factors that influence agriculture.
- A study of various farming systems and methods.
- Crop Farming Case Studies:
- Livestock Farming Case Studies:


